武汉云克隆科技股份有限公司

Abstract：

The involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic disorders, and the ability of whole grains to affect both host metabolism and gut microbial ecology, suggest that some benefits of whole grains are mediated through their effects on the gut microbiome. Nutritional studies that assess the effect of whole grains on both the gut microbiome and human physiology are needed. We conducted a randomized cross-over trial with four-week treatments in which 28 healthy humans consumed a daily dose of 60 g of whole-grain barley (WGB), brown rice (BR), or an equal mixture of the two (BR+WGB), and characterized their impact on fecal microbial ecology and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. All treatments increased microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of the genus Blautia in fecal samples. The inclusion of WGB enriched the genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis and Roseburia intestinalis. Whole grains, and especially the BR+WGB treatment, reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peak postprandial glucose. Shifts in the abundance of Eubacterium rectale were associated with changes in the glucose and insulin postprandial response. Interestingly, subjects with greater improvements in IL-6 levels harbored significantly higher proportions of Dialister and lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae. In conclusion, this study revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.

摘要：

肠道微生物群在代谢紊乱中的作用和全谷物膳食对宿主代谢和肠道微生物群的影响，说明全谷物膳食的益处是通过影响肠道微生物群来实现的。运用营养学评估全谷物对肠道微生物群和人体生理的影响。我们进行了一项为期4周的随机交叉试验，其中28名健康人每天食用60g大麦(WGB)、糙米(Br)或等量的大麦糙米混合物(BR+WGB)，并研究了其对粪便微生物群和炎症、糖代谢、脂代谢等血液标志物的影响。样本结果显示所有参与者的微生物多样性、硬壁菌门/拟杆菌比例、Blautia的丰富度均升高。摄入WGB的受试者，罗氏菌属、双歧杆菌属和小杆菌属的丰富度升高，直肠真杆菌、排泄物中的罗氏菌属和肠贾第虫的物种丰富度升高。特别是BR和WGB混合摄入，降低了血浆白介素-6(IL-6)和餐后血糖峰值。直肠真杆菌丰富度的变化与餐后血糖和胰岛素的变化有关。有趣的是，在IL-6水平有较大改善的受试者所具有的小杆菌属和低丰度红蝽菌科比例显著提高。该项研究表明，短期摄入全谷物食品可引起肠道微生物系的改变，这与人体代谢紊乱相关的宿主生理指标的改善相一致。

使用试剂原文信息：Three markers of inflammation were measured in plasma samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (in duplicate): lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) (USCN Life Science and Technology, Huston, TX, USA), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (Symansis, Timaru, New Zealand), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).